Ascenso de los niveles freaticos en el centro arqueologico
Chan Chan (Peru'). Investigatigaciones preliminares
V. Campos
Departamento de Ingeniería Civil-Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego,
Trujillo, Perú
E. Kruse
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
L. Tosi, A. Mazzoldi
Institute of Marine Sciences, CNR, Venezia,
Italy
P. Teatini
Dept. Mathematical Methods and Models for Scientific
Applications, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study is a preliminary evaluation of the impact of the water
table rise on the archaeological area of Chan Chan (Perú). The aquifer
recharge is due to the construction of the aqueduct by the Chavimochic Project
which purposes is to guarantee the water availability in the low parts of the
Libertad Region through a net of channels that derive water from the Rio Santa.
First, the regional characterization of the groundwater and surficial water
has been done with the emphasis on the natural conditions in the study area
that is typical of a semiarid climate. Than, a preliminary evaluation of the
effects of the increased groundwater availability, as the consequence of the
leakage from the irrigation and artificial channels constructed within the
Chavimochic Project, has been performed. Finally, the evaluation of the
hydrologic balance in correspondence of extreme events such as those related
to the Niño has given. Preliminary results show that appropriate hydrologic
measurements for the management of the water resources have to be taken to
preserve the archeological site of Chan Chan from degradation. In particular,
it is urgently required to establish an integrated monitoring network to
control the groundwater levels and their relationship with surficial
watercourses, irrigation activities, land displacements and meteorological
parameters. Moreover, mathematical models can be used to efficiently plan
mitigation interventions and reclamation activities such as the establishment
of drainage trenches or pipes and pumping wells.
